It is obvious that local governments cannot do without central government transfer; however, coupling with internal competition can fix decentralization for Africa’s development. Our recent study in Benin shows that when one local government received funding, its neighbors, were inspired to invest more too. With fair funding and a touch of healthy competition, decentralization can move from promise to power, driving growth, reducing inequality, and facilitating development.

Decentralization improves governance and local participation in development, but it also fuels inefficiency when there is unguided creation of districts. Many decentralized districts in Africa are poor in revenue generation, dependent on central government transfers, and burdened by high administrative costs, leaving little for investment. Compounded by a lack of competition for innovation and leadership in some countries, decentralization risks becoming stagnant rather than

The impact of decentralization is not a yes-or-no question. It is about how reforms are designed and when they are rolled out. Decentralization does not benefit all communes equally, its success depends on the ability to raise more internally generated revenues........

The EU-ACP Economic Partnership Agreements promise greater market access and development support for African countries, yet their implementation risks undermining state sovereignty, regional integration, and local industries, raising questions about who truly benefits from these trade deals.

At the upcoming AU–EU Summit in Luanda, the question is not just how Europe engages with Africa, but whether the African Union is ready to lead boldly and independently. From AfCFTA’s untapped potential to the continent’s control of critical minerals, Africa holds immense leverage in shaping global trade and the green transition. Yet, without narrative power, fiscal autonomy, and strategic unity, that leverage risks slipping away.

In the Global South, informality (street vending informal housing etc) is often celebrated as a sign of resilience and agency, a creative response to structural exclusion. In contrast, similar forms of informality in the Global North are frequently labeled as disorder or policy failure. Is the Global South inherently disorderly with spation-economic interations? or should it pride in its micro-level resilience and agency?

In many African countries, social networks shape access to public services. A study by Osei, Konte, and Avenyo shows that connections can help the wealthy avoid bribes and the poor navigate weak systems. But when do relationships become corruption? The line between networking and nepotism blurs in unequal systems. Rather than a moral verdict, the study calls for reforms that balance fairness with the realities of relationship-based access.

Political empowerment of women in Africa. Influence or just a numbers game?